A fresher web developer portfolio leads with things that run. Put the live demo link and the repository link at the top of each project, and describe the stack in one line under the title. Three builds is enough: one full-stack app with authentication and a database, one small tool that solved a real annoyance, and one clone of something you admire, with a paragraph on what you learned copying it. Recruiters for a first developer role are checking whether you can ship something that works end to end, not whether you have shipped it for money.
A UI UX portfolio for freshers is judged on thinking, not on dribbbles. Two case studies is a fine portfolio if each one shows the sequence: the problem, the research you actually did (even five interviews with hostel-mates counts), the wireframes, what you changed after feedback, and the final screens. A grid of pretty screens with no reasoning is the most common fresher mistake in design, and it is the fastest one to fix. Say what you would do differently. Hiring managers read that as maturity.
A B.Tech or engineering student portfolio should carry the capstone, one or two coursework projects that map to the role, and any research, hackathon or club work. Lead with the domain, not the semester: an embedded systems project is an embedded systems project, not "6th sem mini project". Include the CGPA if it helps you and skip it if it does not. If you have competitive programming ratings or open-source commits, link them, because they are independent evidence someone else can verify.
A non-technical fresher, in marketing, HR, content or business, often assumes a portfolio is not for them. It is. Spec work counts: the campaign teardown you wrote for a brand you like, the content calendar you built for a college fest, the survey you ran and analysed, the hiring process you documented for a student club. Show the artifact and the reasoning behind it. A portfolio is evidence of work, and work does not have to be paid to be real.